Horizon - Notes.

Within the human brain, we use thousands of thought decisions, which is seen as a more unique ability. Accoring to partiuclar expers, language and our way of communicating defines us as humans, as we are the only ones who have the ability to do such incredible interactions, since we have a variety of different ways to interact to each other. When we communicate, particularly to babies and younger children, they comprehend and listen to the sequence of noises that we give to them, and during the process of this, their cognitive development begins to articulate, in a slightly more understanable way and reply back to our message, through the intonation of our voices.


INTONATION
      ɪntəˈneɪʃ(ə)n (noun)

''the rise and fall of the voice in speaking.''


In terms of communication, speech and language distinguishes us from each other, this tends to make us different, as each and every human have sophisticated skills. If a grown adult had attempted to learn a new language, this is particularly difficult in adults despite the fact that we learn in a natural process, however, within children, they acquire such advanced language skills with minimal effort, and being explicitly told.  According to Lennenberg, a critical acquisition period is a maturational time period during which some crucial experience will have its peak effect on development and learning, for example, Genie.

However to other experts, the answer to knowing how to speak is still currently unknown.

DEB ROY - Cognitive Scientist.
Deb Roy has created the Speech home project, which he designed in order to seek better understanding of how children learn the meaning of words through analysis of observational recordings of child-caregiver interactions in natural contexts.
As a result, our understanding of language acquisition hinges on surprisingly sparse and incomplete data. Motivated by this basic problem, Roy has begun a pilot project in which he is recording his son's development at home by gathering approximately 10 hours of high fidelity audio and video on a daily basis from birth to age three.

Roy then discovered different types of stages followed by the speech of children.

The first stage is from babbling to use single words
And the second stage is the two word stage.

Parents simplify their speech and converge towards child’s language, therefore they begin to speak and intonate their voices in the way children may do, in order to encourage them to interact further, as their phonological outcomes outstrips their semantic awareness.
 By the time a child reaches the age of 5, they will then be able to understand at least one thousand words, and mainly use determiners in order to get attention to certain nouns, such as 'that desk over there'

All of these noun naming, as well as using determiners is slowly pointing towards being born with the mechanics to speak and interact with others.

NOAM CHOMSKY 
Noam Chomsky believes that children are born with an inherited ability to learn any human language. He claims that certain linguistic structures which children use so accurately must be already imprinted on the child’s mind. Chomsky believes that every child has a ‘language acquisition device’ or LAD which encodes the major principles of a language and its grammatical structures into the child’s brain. Children have then only to learn new vocabulary and apply the syntactic structures from the LAD to form sentences.